Mental Health Benefits of Sports
We all know that participating in physical activity is generally good for the body. It helps us maintain a healthy weight, aids in cardiovascular function, and can strengthen muscles. However, sports and regular exercise can also impact our mental health in many ways. Here are a few ways research has suggested sport may help our mentall health.
Reduced Stress
Many studies have shown that regular exercise and participation in sports can help reduce stress levels. In a 2015 meta-analysis, researchers found that stress levels were managed effectively through exercise and sport among many participants. In this analysis, stress also prevented people from being physically active. So stress can keep us from exercising, but we can also lessen stress by participating in some physical activity.
Improved Overall Mood
There have also been many studies over the last few decades showing exercise and sport can improve overall mood. In a 2019 study in JAMA Psychiatry, researchers saw significant increases in mood among study participants tied directly to the exercise program. The participants were not just tracking formal exercise, but also general movement throughout the day. That means any movement beats sitting still as far as improving mood goes!
Decreased Risk of Addiction
Addiction and drug abuse are serious problems that impact millions and millions of people every year. Research has found exercise to be an effective intervention for both men and women, reducing the rates of relapse. The effect was stronger in female participants, but statistically significant in both sexes in the study.
Less Symptoms of Anxiety
A 2015 meta-analysis looked at individuals with high levels of anxiety or an existing anxiety disorder. Looking at 12 randomized clinical trials, researchers found that exercise and sport were effective treatments for anxiety. They actually were similarly effective to established anxiety treatments, and much greater than the placebo group. The researchers commented that there were methodological problems with several of the studies, and it warrants further research.
Improved Symptoms of Depression
Much like anxiety, depression is something that impacts a huge portion of the population. A recent 2024 meta-analysis looked at the relationship between exercise and symptoms of depression, finding it to be effective in reducing negative symptoms. The effects were most pronounced with high-intensity cardio workouts or strength training!
Increased Self-Confidence
A lot of research has found a correlation between self-confidence (or self-esteem) and regular exercise. A 2021 study found regular sport was significantly linked with self-efficacy, self-esteem, and body awareness. This study was done in young adults, although other studies have found similar findings in other age groups.
Maintain a Healthy Body
Regular sport or exercise helps us maintain a healthy body. Surfing is a great example of a full body workout, as you work many muscles while surfing. You also are likely to get some intense cardio periods in. There are many links between physical health and mental health. A healthy body gives us energy, boosts self-esteem, and allows us to do more of the activities (like surfing!) that we love doing.
Improved Sleep Quality
Research has repeatedly shown that exercise can help improve sleep quality and even help treat insomnia. According to the journal Nature, exercise increases total sleep time, increases sleep efficiency, and produces higher self-reported sleep quality. Through polysomnography, we are beginning to understand just how much exercise can improve quality of sleep.
Increased Concentration
Physical fitness generally supports cognitive performance in people, especially young adults. One study found that exercise directly improved levels of concentration in participants. They were able to concentrate more easily, and stay concentrated on the task at hand than their counterparts who exercised less.